Endnotes

To accompany "The Chickasaw and Their Cessions,"
Compiled by Frederick Smoot, ©1996

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Endnote
Number
NoteReturn
1. Daniels, Jonathan. The Devils Backbone, the Story of the Natchez Trace (New York: McGraw Hill Book Co., 1962), pp. 3 - 6.
2. Duncan, David Ewing. Hernando de Soto, A Savage Quest in the Americas. (New York: Crown Publishers Inc., 1995), pp. 396 - 401.
          Gold? Soto's expedition did not did not find the gold that was so desired. Glory? Soto is credited with discovering the Mississippi River, while his murderous expedition is much less remembered. God? At least Soto met his God. After returning to Mississippi from Arkansas, Soto was taken ill with a fever and died. To hide his death from the Indians, Soto's body was inelegantly dumped and sunk into his River, the Mississippi.
          Incidentally, Duncan writes in the Forward of his book (p. xx), that he wants to restore Soto's proper name, which is simply "Soto," not "de Soto." Duncan claims that this is what Soto called himself and the name by which Soto's contemporaries knew him. Duncan's historically accurate, but slightly uncomfortable, "Soto" is used in this paper.
3. Ramsey, J. G. M., M. D., Annals of Tennessee (Charleston, SC: Walker & Jones, 1853; reprint ed., Knoxville, TN: East Tennessee Historical Society, 1953), pp. 45, 78-80.
4. Arnow, Harriette Simpson, Seedtime on the Cumberland (New York: The Macmillian Co., 1960), p. 73.
5. Swanton, John R., Indian Tribes of the Mississippi Valley and Adjacent Coast of the Gulf of Mexico, Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 43 (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1911), p. 193.
6. Leftwich, Nina, Two Hundred Years at Muscle Shoals (Birmingham, AL: Mulitgraphic Advertising Co., 1935), pp. 11 - 12.
7. Ramsey, p. 85.
8. Snivley, W. D., Jr. and Furbee, Louanna, Satan's Ferryman. (New York: Frederick Unger Publishing Co., 1968), pp. 28-33.
9. Kappler, Charles J., LL. M., Indian Affairs, Laws and Treaties, vol. II Treaties (Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1904; reprint ed., 1972), pp. 8 - 11.
10. Kappler, pp. 14 - 16.
11. Ibid., pp. 79, 80.
12. Ibid., pp. 90, 91.
13. Ibid., pp. 91, 92.
14. Peters, Richard, Editor. United States Statutes at Large, Vol. II (Buffalo, NY: Dennis & Co., 1963-1964, pp. 381-383. [Originally published as The Public Statutes at Large of the United States of America, from the Organization of the Government in 1789, to March 3, 1845 (Boston, MA: Little & Brown, 1846).
15. Whitney, Henry D., Land Law of Tennessee (Cincinnati, OH: W. H. Anderson & Co., 1893), p. 58. [From microfilm held by the Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville.]
16. McCallum, James, A Brief Sketch of the Settlement and Early History of Giles County, Tennessee (Pulaski, TN: Pulaski Citizen, 1928; reprint ed., Easley, SC: Southern Historical Press, 1983), pp. 59, 60.
17. Davis, William C., A Way Through the Wilderness: The Natchez Trace and the Civilization of the Southern Frontier (New York: HarperCollins, 1995), p. 65.
18. McCallum, p. 56.
19. Whitney, p. 198.
20. McCallum, p. 60.
21. Kappler, pp. 135-137.
22. Thorndale, William, and William Dollarhide, Map Guide to the U. S. Federal Censuses, 1790-1820 (Baltimore, MD: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1988; reprinted ed., 1992), p. 317.
23. Peters, 3:416.
24. Whitney, p. 524.
25. Kappler, pp. 174-177.
26. Whitney, p. 200.
27. Garrett, William R., and Albert V. Goodpasture, History of Tennessee, Its People and Its Institutions (Nashville, TN: Brandon Printing Co., 1900; reprint ed. 1903, 1905). [This book was used as the official school history book for the State of Tennessee in the early 20th Century.]
28. White, Robert H., Messages of the Governors of Tennessee, 1796-1821, Vol. 1 (Nashville: The Tennessee Historical Commission, 1952), map facing p.194.
29. Foreman, Grant, Indian Removal (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1932; reprint ed., 1953), pp. 21-22.
30. Kappler, pp. 1036-1037.
31. Foreman, p. 197.
32. Kappler, pp. 356 - 364.
33. Foreman, pp. 216-226.
34. Chase, Dr. Carroll, and Richard McP. Cabeen, The First Hundred Years of United States Territorial Postmarks, 1787-1887 (State College, PA: The American Philatelic Society, Inc., 1950; reprint ed., Quarterman Publications), pp. 242-290. [This book has a wealth of information regarding boundary changes and formation data for all the early U. S. Territories.]
35. Everton, George B., Jr., ed., The Handy Book for Genealogists, 7th ed. (Logan, UT: Everton Publishers), p. 232.
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